String Manipulation in python

 1. Basic String Creation and Assignment

Single Quotes: my_string = 'Hello, World!'

Double Quotes: my_string = "Hello, World!"

Triple Quotes: Useful for multi-line strings or strings containing both single and double quotes. 

2. Accessing Characters in Strings

    Strings in Python are sequences of characters, so you can access individual characters using indexing:

3. String Slicing

    Slicing allows you to extract a substring from a string:

    


4. String Length

    Use len() to get the number of characters in a string.

5. String Concatenation and Repetition
    Concatenation: Using + to join strings together.

    Repetition: Using * to repeat strings.

6. Common String Methods
    
a) Changing Case
    
.upper(): Converts all characters to uppercase.
.lower(): Converts all characters to lowercase.

.title(): Capitalizes the first letter of each word.

b) Trimming Whitespace
    
.strip(): Removes leading and trailing whitespace.

.lstrip() and .rstrip(): Remove whitespace from the left or right, respectively.

c) Replacing Text
    
.replace(old, new): Replaces occurrences of a substring with a new substring.

d) Splitting and Joining
.split(separator): Splits a string into a list of substrings based on a separator.

.join(iterable): Joins elements of an iterable (like a list) into a string with a specified 
separator.



7. Checking for Substrings


in: Checks if a substring exists within a string.


.startswith() and .endswith(): Check if a string starts or ends with a specified substring.


8. Finding Substrings

    .find(substring): Returns the index of the first occurrence of a substring, or -1 if not 
found.
.count(substring): Counts the occurrences of a substring within a string.

9. Formatting Strings

    F-strings (formatted string literals) in Python 3.6+:


.format() method:

Percent formatting (older style):

10. Escape Characters
    Use escape characters to include special characters in strings:
\' – single quote
\" – double quote
\\ – backslash
\n – newline
\t – tab

11. Advanced Techniques
    a) String Reversal
Strings can be reversed by slicing.

b) Using Regular Expressions (regex)
    
The re module in Python allows for advanced pattern matching.
Example: Find all occurrences of a pattern.


c) String Encoding and Decoding

    Strings can be encoded into bytes and decoded back.