Web Designer Interview Questions and Answers for 2024 ( Intermediate Part )

Web Designer Interview Questions and Answers for 2024

Intermediate

1. What is CSS box model?

In CSS, the "content area" of a box is used to showcase the document's written content, such as text, graphics, and other HTML components. A margin, a border, and padding may be added to one or more edges of this content area to represent the box. The 'box model' explains how these parts come together to form a box in CSS output. It's the process by which web pages get their look and structure. It can also be used as a set of tools for manipulating the arrangement of various components.

CSS box-model components:

Content: This component is applied to render content (images, text, etc.) whose dimensions can be set using the height and width attributes.
Margin: By setting this attribute, white space will be generated around the content's perimeter.
Border: The content and associated spacing are hidden behind the border that you may customize in terms of color, width, and style using this property.
Padding: Inside the bounds of a component's border, this attribute is used to generate empty space.

2. Mention the properties of transitions in CSS3.

To implement a transitional effect on any web page element, we will need to employ CSS's transition property. In all properties, the transition consists of the following four characteristics. Now, check out the property values:

transition-property: It details which CSS attributes should undergo a transition and how.
transition-duration: The time required for a transition animation to finish is defined here.
transition-timing-function: The rate of change is defined.
transition-delay: The delay before the transition begins or the start time of the transition is specified with this property.

3. What are pseudo-classes in CSS?

An element's pseudo-class specifies a unique mode of operation. CSS pseudo-classes are a common method for updating an element's visual appearance in response to a shift in the element's state. As an example, pseudo-class may be used to invert the background and foreground colors of a link when the mouse is hovering over it.

Other scenarios calling for the deployment of a pseudo-class include:

For highlighting the user's position
To create blurry animations
Adding styles for external links

4. How to add comments to HTML code without being picked up by the browser?

This an important web designer interview question that every candidate applying in this domain should be able to answer promptly. To add comments into HTML while making sure the text is not picked up by the browser, use <– and –>. The comment should start with ‘<!–’ and end with ‘–>’. However, you must know that anyone viewing the page source code can see the HTML comments. But they won’t be provided by the browser in any way.

HTML comment example: <!– The comment. –>

5. Why is float used in CSS?

The CSS property float is often used to modify an element's placement and alignment on a website page. You may make a component float to the right or left of its container using the CSS float feature, and the surrounding text and inline components will adapt to fit around it. Despite being isolated from the page's typical flow, the element is nevertheless an integral component of that flow.

CSS float example: div { float: left; } [The element of div will be positioned at the left side of the screen.]

6. Which web design tools do you use?

A staple in interview questions for web designer freshers, be prepared to answer this one. There are a handful of tools available to aid web designing. These tools are used for creating websites without requiring the knowledge of HTML or CSS, editing codes, designing a website, and creating design prototypes. Some of these tools are:

Google Web Designer
Webflow
Adobe XD
Canva
InVision Studio
Adobe Dreamweaver
WordPress
Shopify
Wix

7. Why are external style sheets preferred?

When possible, it is best to utilize an external stylesheet rather than duplicating the CSS across many pages in order to control the styling of different pages at once. As opposed to inline CSS, it follows the notion of separation of concerns, which improves the readability and structure of both the CSS and the HTML. It can be used across different HTML files without the need to modify the CSS declarations each time.

Some other benefits of using an external stylesheet:

They provide a centralized style of administration in which changes to one file may be applied uniformly to several.
It doesn't matter how often a class is used again.
Selectors and grouped elements make it simple to apply styles

8. Explain the difference between XHTML and HTML.

XHTML and HTML are both markup languages, but their use cases are different. This common senior web designer interview question is answered below.

XHTML: Extensible Hypertext Markup Language is what XHTML refers to. Since XHTML combines elements from both XML and HTML, it may be thought of as a subset of XML. When you combine XML with HTML, you get XHTML. XHTML is often seen as an enhanced form of HTML.

HTML: Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is the most used language on the web. Websites and their interconnectivity are made possible using HTML. Just so we're clear, HTML is a markup language and not a programming language. HTML sites may be given a fresh design with the help of additional technologies like CSS and JavaScript.

XHTML	HTML
Extensible Hypertext Markup Language is what it means with XHTML.	Hypertext Markup Language is the acronym for HTML.
The World Wide Web Consortium, or W3C, created it.	Tim Berners-Lee has developed it.
Originating with XML and HTML, it has undergone expansion.	It is an augmentation of SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language).
It's a markup language, the format's defining characteristic.	This is a document data format.
It is necessary to include a doctype declaration at the beginning of your file.	You do not need to write the doctype at the top.
Throughout this, all tags and attributes must be written in lowercase.	No strict case sensitivity is required for tags or attributes.
It is required that quotations be cited when utilizing the attributes.	It is not required to include quotes when using the attributes.
The tags must be closed in the same sequence in which they were opened.	Tags need not be closed in the same sequence in which they were opened.
The .xhtml, .xht, and .xml filename extensions are supported.	The .html and .htm file extensions are often used.

9. What is an ID selector?

To select a particular HTML element, the ID selector looks at its ID property. The ID selector is employed to single out a specific element on the page by its unique ID. The hash (#) character followed by an element's ID is used to select that HTML component. The ID selectors are represented as #idName.

Example: The below-mentioned HTML component will have the ID selector- #footer.

<div id=“footer”> It is the footer </div>

10. What is the Document Object Model (DOM)?

Object-oriented representation of HTML and XML texts is done using the Document Object Model (DOM), a platform-independent programming interface. It specifies how documents are organized and how they may be retrieved. Developers are given complete control over every aspect of a document with DOM, including its layout, formatting, and content. The Document Object Model (DOM) provides a hierarchical representation of a website for the convenience of both programmers and website visitors.

Each node in this tree represents a section of the document, and this tree is processed as if it were an object. Every branch culminates in a node, and each node has its own set of things to store. When a page is loaded into a browser, its HTML and CSS are parsed to create the Document Object Model (DOM), which is then used to render the page.

11. Can a website have multiple H1 tags?

If we are building a website, utilize H1 tags as much as you want; no upper or lower limit exists. H1 tags are a fantastic method to provide hierarchy to a page, making it easier for both humans and search engines to determine which content belongs under which headings. However, as they are read by computers and web crawlers, H1 tags should be placed on web pages. Nonetheless, if you overuse H1 tags, it might hurt the website's SEO.

12. What is Semantic HTML?

Any set of web designer interview questions and answers should consist of a clear idea of semantic HTML. By "semantic HTML," we mean tags that provide clear indications of their intended function to both the coder and the browser. They make an HTML page more than simply a pretty display by lending it context. The elements in semantic HTML indicate the meaning of the content being sent. HTML tags with semantic value specify their content precisely, making them accessible to both people and computers.

The <header> and <footer> tags are some examples of semantic elements since they specify the context in which they are to be used and the data type of the material they contain. New semantic components included in HTML5 are:

<details>, <article>, <figure>, <figcaption>, <section>, <mark>, <time>, <summary>.

13. What is the difference between visibility: hidden and display: none?

The visibility: hidden property hides the element, but it takes up space in the layout. The element will be hidden from view but not the page flow.

On the other hand, display: none eliminates the element from the document and does not take up any space. Here, the tag is removed from the normal flow of the page, which enables other elements to fill it in.

14. What is the use of a selector in CSS?

The first component of every CSS Rule is a selector. It's a sequence of nouns and verbs that specifies to the browser what HTML tags must be picked out and given the values for their stylesheet properties as defined in the rule itself. Whenever there is a need to apply a style to inline components, a CSS selector is applied in conjunction with a rule. Selectors make it simple to locate and choose HTML elements according to their name, attribute, ID, etc.

15. What do you mean by grid system?

A grid system is a tool used in graphic design to help the designers with alignment and layout. This refers to a set of guidelines the designer may follow to ensure everything fits neatly into place. A grid is made up of intersecting vertical and horizontal lines, which serve to organize the page's elements. Websites can benefit from using a grid to arrange their design components in a manner that is both aesthetically pleasing and functional for site visitors. Different variations of grids serve different purposes while designing websites.

16. What is the class selector in CSS?

It is one of the important interview questions for web designer freshers. To answer this, a class selector in CSS consists of the period (.) followed by the class's name. It picks everything on the page that has the same class property, allowing you to apply separate CSS declarations to them individually. To put it another way, the class selector is what you use to select a certain statement so that you can tweak its HTML tag-assigned style.

Use of class selector in CSS:

.exampleclass {font-family: TimesNewRoman; font-size: 30; background: blue;}

<div class="sampleclass">

...

</div>

17. What is information architecture?

The term "information architecture" (IA) is used to describe the methodical and long-term process of determining how to best organize, structure, and categorize data. It's a method for organizing and labeling data in a straightforward manner, making it easier for people to discover what they need. Innovation is not the only possible outcome of IA; it can also be used to reimagine an already existing design. This is the single most important factor in determining how successfully consumers will be able to navigate your website and stay engaged with its content.

18. Explain W3C. How does it impact web design?

The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) is an international group that advocates for the advancement of the web. Web Standards are developed there via a collaborative process, including the public, the organization's membership, and a full-time team of specialists from across the globe. Additionally, W3C creates WWW design standards to improve communication and cooperation among the many parties involved in the web's development. W3C is there to steer the evolution of the internet toward its own potential.

19. How does white space affect the content on the webpage?

In web design and other media, white space is used to visually combine and separate items, highlight a single piece, and redesign content grid or arrangement.

As well as aiding in the marketing concept and adding to aesthetic harmony, whitespace may be used to guide the eye of the user from one component to the next.

Because of this, the site is neat and organized, with content that visitors will like.

20. What format should be used to embed self-hosted videos on a website?

When we use HTML5 video to embed a clip on a website (instead of a video-hosting service like YouTube), the site hosting the video is responsible for delivering it in the right format that the user's browser can understand and play. Major web browsers, software platforms, and devices all presently accept the MP4 video standard incorporating MPEG4 or h.264 compressions. Backups of the clip in OGV and WebM forms are useful for the Firefox browser and certain Android devices that can't play MP4 movies.